Orthotics
Very often, when treating foot and ankle problems, external devices are necessary to decrease pain and correct misalignments. These external devices are called Orthotics. When someone develops foot and/or ankle pain the problem is often from changes in walking pattern and ultimately changes in foot structure. The orthotic is any device capable of controlling motion pathology in the foot and leg by maintaining the foot in or close to its neutral position.
The orthotic is more than just an arch support because:
- it conforms to all contours of the foot, particularly the heel and forefoot;
- it is sufficiently rigid to maintain contours and angular relationships;
- it controls abnormal motion while allowing normal motion;
- it is reasonably comfortable with gradual increased wearing time;
- it is capable of being worked and adjusted with precision.
By definition, abnormal motion is either hypomobile (too little) or hypermobile (too much). The goal of the orthotic is to minimize abnormal motion throughout the walking cycle.
Components
- Shell - This is the body of the biomechanical orthosis. It is taken from a model in an off weight neutral position cast, of the patient's foot. Depending on the control desired, different materials make up the shell. These materials range from rigid shells (carbon graphite, polyethylene) to soft (lightweight plastic, foams).
- Posts - The method by which the neutral position is held in place underfoot is referred to as posting. Without posting the shell would roll and not keep neutral alignment. The post allows shell stabilization and the ability to affect motion control through the rearfoot and forefoot.
- Top Covers - The shell is covered with a material or fabric. This component will come in contact with the patients' skin; therefore consideration must be given to factors of cosmetic as well as functional nature.
Additions
- Deep Heel Seat; increases the depth of the rearfoot and better controls the heel.
- First Ray Cut Out; the area under the great toe is removed to allow better mobility through the walking pattern.
- Padding; specifically added for shock absorption, pain control and pressure relief.
Indications
- "Chronologically" older patient - 'older but active'
- Medical history, nutritional deficits, previous injuries, deconditioned or sedentary lifestyle, balance/coordination problems
- Geriatric and Pediatric population
- Runners, Aerobics, Court Sports, Field Sports
- Cycling, Snowboarding, Skiing
|
|
